The word “hematology” originates from Greek and means “the science of blood.” It is the branch of science that deals with the structure and functions of blood and bone marrow in both normal and diseased conditions. Blood delivers all the essential substances for life to tissues and organs, while also transporting harmful waste products from these tissues and organs to the organs responsible for eliminating them.
In addition to this transportation function, blood has many other important functions, such as protecting the body from microbes and other environmental harms. Blood consists of a liquid called plasma and three types of cells within this liquid:
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
White blood cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (thrombocytes)
These blood cells are produced by stem cells in the bone marrow and break down after a certain period.
Since the marrow is continuously producing blood cells, their numbers remain stable within certain limits.
Lymph nodes, the thymus, and the spleen work in collaboration with the white blood cells of the blood to protect the body from microbes and harmful agents (immune system).
What diseases does pediatric hematology deal with?
Symptoms and Diseases Related to Red Blood Cells:
Fatigue, loss of appetite, tiredness and easy fatigue, jaundice, pallor, craving for abnormal things like dirt or paper, palpitations, fainting spells, spleen enlargement, liver enlargement, redness and sores in the mouth and tongue, nail abnormalities, school failure, forgetfulness, irritability, short stature, growth and developmental delay, anemia (lack of red blood cells), iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency, zinc deficiency, hemolytic anemia, thalassemia (Mediterranean anemia), sickle cell disease, G6PD deficiency, hereditary spherocytosis, Fanconi anemia, aplastic anemia (bone marrow failure), polycythemia (excessive blood), etc.
Symptoms and Diseases Related to White Blood Cells and Immunity:
Frequent illnesses, frequent fevers, immune deficiencies, recurrent infections, oral thrush, recurrent ear infections-pneumonia-diarrhea, failure to gain weight and weight loss, skin inflammation and warts, leukocytosis (excessive white blood cells), leukopenia (low white blood cells), neutropenia, congenital neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, chronic granulomatous disease, etc.
Diseases Related to Bleeding:
Nosebleeds, bleeding from the umbilical cord, bruising on the body, prolonged menstrual bleeding, abnormal bleeding tests before surgery, prolonged bleeding after surgery and circumcision, gastrointestinal bleeding, urinary tract bleeding, joint bleeding, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), platelet function disorders, hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, Glanzmann disease, hemolytic uremic syndrome, etc.
Diseases Related to Coagulation:
Vascular occlusion in any part of the body, stroke, pulmonary embolism (blockage of the lung vessels), Budd-Chiari syndrome (liver vessel blockage), renal vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, inherited conditions predisposing to clotting, protein C deficiency, thrombocytosis, etc.
Diseases of Bone Marrow and Lymph Node Cells Producing Blood:
Enlarged lymph nodes, bone pain, joint pain and swelling, liver and spleen enlargement, prolonged fever, weight loss, abdominal swelling, infectious mononucleosis (EBV infection), vascular enlargement (hemangioma), blood cancer (leukemia), lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, etc.
Blood Disorders Occurring in Other Systemic Diseases and Due to Medication Use:
The Pediatric Hematology department is involved in preventing the development of all these diseases, diagnosing the disease if it occurs, providing treatment, and conducting follow-up after treatment.
Pediatric Hematology
The word “hematology” originates from Greek and means “the science of blood.” It is the branch of science that deals with the structure and functions of blood and bone marrow in both normal and diseased conditions. Blood delivers all the essential substances for life to tissues and organs, while also transporting harmful waste products from these tissues and organs to the organs responsible for eliminating them.
In addition to this transportation function, blood has many other important functions, such as protecting the body from microbes and other environmental harms. Blood consists of a liquid called plasma and three types of cells within this liquid:
These blood cells are produced by stem cells in the bone marrow and break down after a certain period.
Since the marrow is continuously producing blood cells, their numbers remain stable within certain limits.
Lymph nodes, the thymus, and the spleen work in collaboration with the white blood cells of the blood to protect the body from microbes and harmful agents (immune system).
What diseases does pediatric hematology deal with?
Symptoms and Diseases Related to Red Blood Cells:
Fatigue, loss of appetite, tiredness and easy fatigue, jaundice, pallor, craving for abnormal things like dirt or paper, palpitations, fainting spells, spleen enlargement, liver enlargement, redness and sores in the mouth and tongue, nail abnormalities, school failure, forgetfulness, irritability, short stature, growth and developmental delay, anemia (lack of red blood cells), iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency, zinc deficiency, hemolytic anemia, thalassemia (Mediterranean anemia), sickle cell disease, G6PD deficiency, hereditary spherocytosis, Fanconi anemia, aplastic anemia (bone marrow failure), polycythemia (excessive blood), etc.
Frequent illnesses, frequent fevers, immune deficiencies, recurrent infections, oral thrush, recurrent ear infections-pneumonia-diarrhea, failure to gain weight and weight loss, skin inflammation and warts, leukocytosis (excessive white blood cells), leukopenia (low white blood cells), neutropenia, congenital neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, chronic granulomatous disease, etc.
Nosebleeds, bleeding from the umbilical cord, bruising on the body, prolonged menstrual bleeding, abnormal bleeding tests before surgery, prolonged bleeding after surgery and circumcision, gastrointestinal bleeding, urinary tract bleeding, joint bleeding, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), platelet function disorders, hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, Glanzmann disease, hemolytic uremic syndrome, etc.
Vascular occlusion in any part of the body, stroke, pulmonary embolism (blockage of the lung vessels), Budd-Chiari syndrome (liver vessel blockage), renal vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, inherited conditions predisposing to clotting, protein C deficiency, thrombocytosis, etc.
Enlarged lymph nodes, bone pain, joint pain and swelling, liver and spleen enlargement, prolonged fever, weight loss, abdominal swelling, infectious mononucleosis (EBV infection), vascular enlargement (hemangioma), blood cancer (leukemia), lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, etc.
The Pediatric Hematology department is involved in preventing the development of all these diseases, diagnosing the disease if it occurs, providing treatment, and conducting follow-up after treatment.
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